Resumen

JARA O, Natalia  y  DELANO R, Paul H. Advances in auditory cortex. Rev. Otorrinolaringol. Cir. Cabeza Cuello [online]. 2014, vol.74, n.3, pp.249-258. ISSN 0718-4816.  http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-48162014000300010.

The auditory system allows us to detect and interpret the acoustic signals of the environment and thus change our behavior. In humans, the auditory cortex is located in the superior temporal gyrus of the temporal lobe. This cortex has a characteristic structural organization and functionality that have been identified in many mammalian species. The auditory cortex has different organizational areas: (i) a core called "primary auditory cortex," which corresponds to the first level of processing, and its cyto-architectural and physiological main features are to present a prominent layer IV and to display a mirror-tonotopic organization. In addition, (ii) a surrounding region known as belt that corresponds to the secondary auditory cortices and participates in the location and recognition of sound, as well as in speech processing. Finally, (iii) auditory association areas that integrate auditory information with other sensory systems. In this article, the neuroanatomical bases and functional properties of auditory cortex processing are reviewed. These topics constitute the foundations for the development of diagnostic tools and therapeutic procedures of central auditory processing.

Palabras clave : Central auditory system; auditory cortex; tonotopic organization; central auditory processing.

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