Resumen

CASSILHA ZAWADNEAK, Maria Aparecida; SCHUBER, Josélia; LAVORANTI, Osmir  y  CUQUEL, Francine Lorena. Diversity of arthropods and mollusks associated with lettuce. Idesia [online]. 2017, vol.35, n.3, pp.99-107. ISSN 0718-3429.  http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-34292017005000204.

Despite the economic importance of lettuce, no studies have examined the diversity of species associated with this crop that could contribute to the development of an ecological management of phytophagous arthropods and mollusks. This study was aimed at determining the predominant species of arthropods and mollusks in two lettuce cultivars (curly-leaf Veronica and smooth-leaf Elisa). A total of 9,638 specimens of arthropods and mollusks was collected and identified to 27 constant species, 17 classified as accessory and two as accidental species. Seven species of aphids were identified, with Nasonovia ribisnigri, Uroleucon sonchi, and Uroleucon ambrosiae as the most frequent, as well as three species of thrips, predominantly Caliothripsphaseoli and Frankliniella schultzei. Other phytophagous arthropods and mollusks occurred at frequencies below 10%. Among natural enemies, predators of the families Syrphidae (2.74%), Coccinellidae (1.66%), Staphylinidae (0.79%) and Carabidae (0.17%) and parasitoids of the order Hymenoptera (0.93%) were observed. Of the total specimens collected, 53.87% are considered phytophagous species, mostly aphids (40.82%), followed by thrips (11.35%). The aphid N. ribisnigri was the main pest species, as it forms colonies in the lettuce head and can spread plant viruses. Phytophagous pests preferred smooth over curly leaves.

Palabras clave : Lactuca sativa; pests; natural enemies; constancy index; biological control; biodiversity.

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