Resumen

ULLOQUE-CAAMANO, Liezel; MONTERROSA-CASTRO, Álvaro  y  ARTETA-ACOSTA, Cindy. Prevalencia de baja autoestima y nivel de resiliencia bajo, en gestantes adolescentes de poblaciones del caribe colombiano. Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. [online]. 2015, vol.80, n.6, pp.462-474. ISSN 0717-7526.  http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-75262015000600006.

Introduction: Teenage pregnancy is a major problem of public health with medical, psychological and social consequences associated with early initiation of intercourse without sufficient contraceptive protection. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of Low Self-esteem (LSE) and Low Level of Resilience (LLR) in a group of pregnant adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in adolescents, in urban and rural areas of the department of Bolivar in the Colombian Caribbean pregnant. A questionnaire was applied to identify sociodemographic characteristics of the pregnant women and their partners, gynecological and obstetrical history, health history, psycho-emotional state with pregnancy, family support and partner. The Rosenberg self-esteem scale and Wagnild and Young resilience scale were included. Results: Participated 406 pregnant adolescents. The average age was: 16.5±1.5 years. A large majority left school when they became pregnant. The average self-esteem score was 27.8±3.9. The 76.8% of pregnant women had normal level of self-esteem and LSE 23.2% (p<0.05). The average score resilience was 125.0±17.8. The 8.6% had higher level of resilience, 57.2% moderate level of resilience and 34.2% LLR (p<0.05). Statistically significant positive correlation was estimated resilience: self-esteem, age of pregnancy, age of partner, age at first intercourse, years between first intercourse and the age of pregnancy, years between menarche and first intercourse, years between menarche and age to get pregnant, years of education, number of prenatal ultrasounds and accompanied by the partner. Only self-esteem was positively correlated significantly with the age of the mother. Pregnant adolescents who did not feel happy or do not have support from partner have a significant LLR (OR 3.7[95%CI: 1.3-10.3]). Conclusion: The prevalence of LSE was 23.2% and 34.2% for LLR. These results indicate that intervention should be performed during adolescent pregnancy to raise levels of self-esteem and resilience.

Palabras clave : Adolescent health services; adolescent pregnancy; self-esteem; resilience.

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