Resumo

LUCHSINGER, A; VILLA, R; OCQUETEAU, G  e  SUTER, F. SOWING WITH TRADITIONAL AND ZERO TILLAGE BY MEANS OF AN ADAPTED CEREAL SEEDER AND TWO ROW SPACINGS IN GREEN AND DRY BEAN CULTIVARS. Idesia [online]. 2006, vol.24, n.2, pp. 77-84. ISSN 0718-3429.  doi: 10.4067/S0718-34292006000200009.

The objective of this research was to compare the development and yield of two bean cultivars, Apolo-Inia and Torcaza-Inia, for green and dry consumption, respectively, under traditional and zero tillage and two row spacings (52.5 and 70.0 cm). Observations were carried out at the Antumapu Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of Chile, at La Pintana locality, Metropolitan Region. A seeder with a forced-dosing device of continuous flow with 17 furrow-openers spaced a 17.5 cm from each other was used. The shaking bar of the hopper was removed, closing the tubes that would not be used. A static test was carried out to determine the dosage of seed kilograms. A 4-point chisel plow was mounted on a toolbar. The drawing center of the toolbar was set to coincide with the drawing center of the machine so as the passings of the chisel plow points would coincide with the seeding disks and thus perform seeding in just one passing at 7 cm deep and 6 cm width, simulating a zero tillage seeder. No adaptations problems were observed. Yield per hectare was significantly greater in traditional tillage plots in both cultivars. In comparing spacings, no differences were observed in the Apolo bean, but they did occur in the Torcaza cv. for the shortest distance. The different treatment showed no differences at emergences at 8 and 16 days, and from seeding to bloom in both cultivars. There was some influence on the establishment of the Torcaza bean with traditional tillage. Pod production was significantly greater in traditional tillage in the Apolo bean as well as at 70.0 cm spacing. In Torcaza cv., pods per plant, grains per pod and weight of 100 grains were not affected by the tillage system. The component  most affected by the different seeding rates was the number of pods per hectare in the Torcaza cv. The smaller individual yield at the greatest seeding rate was counterbalanced by the increased yield per unit area, this increase being significant for the evaluated seeding rates. It would be convenient to sow at a 70.0 cm spacing in green beans and at 52.5 cm in dry beans.

Palavras-chave : Traditional and zero tillage; cereal seeder.