Resumen

RAMIREZ R, Constanza et al. Cambios en la distribución etaria de las madres en Chile y en el Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile y su influencia en la morbimortalidad neonatal. Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. [online]. 2012, vol.77, n.3, pp. 183-189. ISSN 0717-7526.  doi: 10.4067/S0717-75262012000300003.

Introduction: In recent decades, both in Chile and other South American countries there has been a change in the age distribution of mothers. Objectives: To obtain the distribution of births by maternal age groups in the Hospital Clinic of the University of Chile (HCUCH) and compare them with similar groups throughout Chile. Check that the extreme age groups are increasing. To study the relationship between these changes and some diseases of the newborn, such as prematurity, infants small for gestational age (SGA) and birth defects. Methods: We reviewed the database of the Maternity HCUCH (1982-2010) and of the Ministry of Health (19902008). The mothers are distributed in 3 groups: <20, >35 and between 20-34 years. Comparisons were made with chisquare test. Results: In Chile, the group of mothers >35 years old has increased by over 50% when comparing the 1990 (10.2% of total) and 2008 15.8% (p<10^-8). Teenager mothers in Chile increased from 13.8% in 1990 to 16.6% in 1998 (p<10^-8). In the HCUCH variations were different, adolescents decreased 16.08% in 1982 to 9.09% in 2010 (p<10^-8). The >35 years increased significantly, as in all of Chile, 9.8% in 1982 to 22.17% in 2010 (p<10^-8). The live birth age distribution in the HCUCH (1996-2010) led to significant changes: reducing SGA (p=0.02), the premature (<37 weeks) increased significantly (p<0.00001). The group of women >35 years is associated with increased number of children women, congenital malformations, Down syndrome and cesarean deliveries.

Palabras clave : Maternal age; prematurity; congenital malformations.