Abstract

MADI, José Mauro et al. Factores de riesgo asociados a traumatismo al nacimiento. Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. [online]. 2012, vol.77, n.1, pp. 35-39. ISSN 0717-7526.  doi: 10.4067/S0717-75262012000100007.

Background: Obstetrics injuries can be defined as fetal lesions suffered by the fetus during labor or expulsion. Objective: Identify risk factors for fetal birth trauma. Method: Case-control study conducted from July 2004 to December 2005. We analyzed maternal and fetal variables using software SPSS 19.0. The variables showing a significance level <0.10 in the bivariate analysis were included in the logistic regression analysis. We used the block entry model for selection of the final regression model. Results: During these period, we identified 2137 births and 26 (1.2%) were related to fetal birth injury. Clavicle fracture was the most frequent injury (n = 14; 53.8%), followed by cephalohematoma (n = 5; 19.2%). Umbilical cord blood gas analysis did not show statistical significance. In the regression analysis of the variables that had significance level <0.10, the only independent variables associated with fetal birth injury were vaginal delivery (OR-A: 11.08; 95%CI: 2.45-49.98; p=0.002) and thorax circumference > 33 cm (OR-A: 3.36; 95%CI: 1.35-9.73; p=0.010). Conclusion: The risk factors for fetal birth injury were vaginal delivery and chest circumference equal to or larger than 33 cm. Other variables were not associated with the outcome in discussion.

Keywords : Fetal injury; risk factors; case-control study; pregnancy.