| 1. Presentation of articles
Manuscripts submitted to Acta Bioethica should be prepared
in accordance with the fifth edition (1997) of the Uniform Requirements
Submitted to Biomedical Journals (Vancouver Style).
International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Annals of Internal
Medicine 1997; 126:36-47
2. Summary of technical requirements
Papers should be printed out on a A4 paper, on one side only,
in double spacing, with a margin of at least 2.5 cm on four sides of page.
Number pages consecutively, beginning with the title page. Put the page
number in the upper or lower right-hand corner of each page.
Articles’ length should not exceed 6.000 words, including tables
and illustrations.
Keep copies of everything submitted.
3. Structural scheme
3.1 Title page
The title page should carry;
The title of the article, which should be concise but informative;
The name by which each author is known, with his or her highest academic
degree (s)and institutional affiliation;
The name of the department (s) and institution (s) to which the work should
be attributed;
Disclaimers, if any;
The name and address of the author responsible for correspondence about
the manuscripts and requests for reprints, together with his/her phone
number and E-mail.
3.2 Abstracts and key words
The second page should carry an abstract not exceeding 200
words in length to state the purposes of the study or investigation, basic
procedures, main findings and the principal conclusions.
Below the abstract authors should provide, and identify as such, 3 to
10 key words or short phrases that will assist indexers in cross-indexing
the article. Terms from the medical subject headings (MeSH) list of Index
Medicus should be used; if suitable MeSH terms are not yet available for
recently introduced terms, present terms may be used.
(URL: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html).
3.3 Introduction
State the purpose of the article and summarize the rationale
of the study or observation. Give only strict pertinent references and
do not include data or conclusions from the work being reported.
3.4 Methods
Provide detailed information about methods, techniques and
procedures used for collecting and organizing data.
3.5 Results
Present your results in logical sequence in the text, tables,
and illustrations. Do not repeat in the text all data in the tables or
illustrations; emphasize or summarize only important observations.
3.6 Discussion
Emphasize the new and important aspects of the study and the
conclusions that follow from them. Do not repeat in detail data or other
material given in the Introduction or the Results section. Include in
the Discussion section the implications of the findings and their limitations.
Link the conclusions with the goals of the study but
avoid unqualified statements and conclusions not completely supported
by the data. Recommendations, when appropriate, may be included.
3.7 Acknowledgements
As an appendix to the text, one or more statements should
specify (a) contributions that need acknowledging but do not justify authorship,
such as general support by a departmental chair; (b) acknowledgements
of technical help; (c) acknowledgements of financial and material support,
and (d) relationships that may pose a conflict of interest.
3.8 References
References should be numbered consecutively in the order
in which they are first mentioned in the text. If a reference is cited
more than once, its original number is used again in subsequent citations.
No reference should be assigned more than one number.
If it is deemed necessary to call attention to a specific page within
a reference, the page number may be added in roman type inside the parenthesis
with the reference number. This practice is recommended when referencing
direct quotations.
The resolution urged the Member Governments to “make special voluntary
contributions for the carrying out of catalytic research” (17, p.240).
Identify references in text, tables, and legends by Arabic numerals in
parenthesis. References cited only in tables or legends to figures should
be numbered in accordance with the sequence established by the first identification
in the text of the particular table or figure.
All references should be listed in numerical order at the end of the text.
Avoid using abstracts as references.
References to papers accepted but not yet published should be designated
as “in press” or “forthcoming”; authors should
obtain written permission to cite such papers as well as verification
that they have been accepted for publication.
The references must be verified by the author
(s) against the original documents
Use the style of the examples below, which are based on
the formats used by the U.S National Library of Medicine (NLM) in Index
Medicus. The titles of journals should be presented without abbreviations
(consult: U.S. National Library of Medicine. List of journals indexed.
Full title listing. Index Medicus 1998: 111-190.; URL: http://www.nlm.nih.gov).
The “Uniform Requirements” style (the Vancouver Style) is
based largely on an American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard
style adapted by the NLM for its data bases.
Sample Reference Formats
3.8.1 Journal article
Individual author, article in a Series
Lessa I. Epidemiologia dos acidentes vasculares encefálicos na
cidade do Salvador: II, Fatores de risco, complicaçoes e causas
de morte. Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 1985;44(4):255-260.
More than six authors
List the first six authors followed by “et al”. Parkin DM,
Clayton D, Black RJ, Masuyer E, Friedl HP, Ivanov E, et al. Childhood
leukaemia in Europe after Chernobyl: 5 year follow-up. British Journal
of Cancer 1996; 73: 1006-12.
Corporate author
Pan American Health Organization, Expanded Program on Immunization. Strategies
for the certification of the eradication of wild poliovirus transmission
in the Americas. Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization 1993;27(3):287-296.
3.8.2 Books and other monographs
Personal author(s)
Ringsven MK, Bond D. Gerontology and leadership skills for nurses. 2nd.
ed. Albany(NY): Delmar Publishers; 1996.
Editor(s), compiler(s) as author
Norman IJ, Redfern SJ, (eds.). Mental health for elderly people. NewYork:
Churchill Livingstone; 1996.
Chapter in a book
Phillips SJ, Whistnant JP. Hypertension and stroke. In: Laragh JH, Brenner
BM, eds. Hypertension: pathophysiology, diagnosis and manangement. 2nd.
ed. New York: Raven Press; 1995. p. 465-78.
3.8.3 Electronic Material
Journal article in electronic format
Morse SS. Factors on the emergence of infectious diseases. Emerg Infect
Dis [serial online] 1995 Jan-Mar [cited 1996 Jun 5]; 1 (1): [24 screens].
Available from: URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/eid.htm.
Further explanation and examples may be consulted
at:
International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Uniform requirements
for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. Annals of Internal Medicine
1997; 126: 36-47.
URL: http://www.nlm.nih.gov
3.9 Tables and Illustrations
The number of tables and illustrations should be strictly
limited, only those that are essential to the understanding of the text
being included.
NOTE: The above-mentioned guidelines
were prepared by the Publications and Dissemination Department
of PAHO/WHO Regional Program on Bioethics taken as reference
the following bibliographic sources:
-
Pan American Health Organization. PAHO Style Manual.
Washington, DC:PAHO;1995.(PAHO-OPS STAND/ 95.1).
-
International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.
Uniform requirements submitted to biomedical journals. Annals of Internal
Medicine 1997; 126: 36-47.
-
Day R. Cómo escribir y publicar trabajos
científicos. Washington, DC: Organización Panamericana
de la Salud; 1990. (Publicación Científica 526)
-
Sociedad Médica de Santiago. Revista Médica
de Chile 1998; 126: 875-887.
-
National Library of Medicine. List of journals
indexed. Full title listing. Index Medicus 1998: 111-190.
URL:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov
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